Virtuozity

The standard for Service Console (SC) RAM in ESX 3.5 server is 272MB. This minimum is fine for the standard server that does not have installed any other software. But you might have proprietary hardware agents, backup solutions or other software installed, and you might run into serious trouble you are unaware of, if do not expand the SC memory (e.g. HA agent errors). 512MB should be enough for most scenarios, but if you don't mind you can go for the maximum of 800MB. You have to configure the RAM size in the ESX configuration file

/etc/vmware/esx.conf

Just search for /boot/memSize = "272" and enter your value. After that you will have to deal with GRUB and the init process, because the settings are boot-relevant. ESX server has proprietary aliases for that, the command is esxcfg-boot. You have to run it twice: First time to regenerate the GRUB configuration files, the second time to recreate the initrd file with the new settings. You might want to use this short shell script, that does it all for you:

sed -i 's/memSize = "[0-9][0-9][0-9]"/memSize = "800"/' /etc/vmware/esx.conf
esxcfg-boot -g
esxcfg-boot -b

Because you have to reboot the host to take effect, so you should plan this for your next ESX patch day.

Link: http://www.usb-over-network.com/

One of the problems in a virtual environment is to deliver USB devices to virtual machines. Standard ESX VMs don't even have virtual USB hardware and they don't need them. The technology you should use instead is "USB over Ethernet (USBoE)". The idea is to install a driver on the client that comes with virtual USB hardware that reconnects to an USB Device Server or Appliance to use its shared devices.

There are a few appliances on the market, but I learned the hard way that most of them are not suitable for professional purposes. Most of them are not made for data centers and do not come with an 19" option, others do not have an automatic reconnect to their devices after a reboot, which is vital for sharing dongles for copy protected server software. These appliances are cheap and available for under $150, but to me the best solution is a server full of USB PCI adapters and an USBoE software package.

I can definitely recommend Fabulatech's "USB over Network" software, which works really fine though it is not the cheapest solution. Check out the trial version, I'm sure you will be satisfied with the results.

Citrix announced that XenServer will become a free product in April. This is great news for the virtualization market and will put a lot of pressure on VMware. Citrix will also strengthen the cooperation with Microsoft and their management environment to ensure good integration into the Windows world, though Microsoft would like to become a major player in virtualization with Hyper-V themselves.

The VMware Update Manager is a very convenient way of updating your ESX hosts or your entire environment including VMs an their applications, but you have to configure it properly and sometimes even that is not enough. I recognized more than once, that no more updates were received for a while, but the Update Manager told me that everything was compliant although I knew it was not. So what to do?

First, please be sure NOT to use the old "VMware Infrastructure Update Client", an application which is still on your vCenter server for legacy reasons, but is definitely not the tool to update your ESX 3.5 hosts! The right way to do it, is to install the "VMware Update Manager Plugin" within your vCenter client application and activate it.

Now let us assume your Update Manager does not provide any more updates. Please uninstall the "VMware Update Manager" application and delete the remaining installation directory. Do not forget to delete the old download folder, because Update Manager keeps track of it's updates by a database and not by the files, and since we are going to reinitialize the database, you do not want any inconsistencies here. The standard path for Update Manager downloads is C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\Data

Now you reinstall Update Manager from your ISO / DVD and enter credentials to access your proxy if you have one and the right DSN (ODBC connection). Please be sure the DSN is the correct one and that it is NOT your vCenter database, because when the installer asks if you want to reinitialize the Update Manager database, you select yes and confirm it.

After installing you open the vCenter client and check for the activated Update Manager plugin. You should have a new icon on the upper right, just click on it and configure your Update Manager properties, if you have to. Now click on "Scheduled Tasks" and you will see a now task named "VMware Update Manager Update Download". Reschedule it to suite your needs and if you want to do download the updates right now, just right-click on the task and run it.

Now let's talk about baselines: A baseline is nothing more than a list of available updates, divided into critical and non-critical updates for ESX hosts and VM guests. Update Manager compares your hosts and guests to these lists and looks for the delta. If your update repository is up to date and the delta is 0, the object is compliant. Otherwise there are one ore more updates available for the object. Please remember that you have to attach the baselines first, because NO baseline is attached after installation of Update Manager. To do that, go into the left pane and click on the object you are planning to remediate, e.g. "Hosts & Clusters" to update your whole environment. Now select the Update Manager tab in the right pane, click on "Attach Baseline" and select the ones you want to apply.

Now you should be ready to go, but remember that the first initialization could take very long because there are lots of update packages to download. Right-click on the object and first select to check for updates. Now the vcIntergrity component checks the objects for compliance. When the process is done, you are ready to remediate, again with a right-click on the object. You can remediate whole clusters because Update Manager only patches one host at a time. I strongly encourage you to test the patches in a non-productive environment first, because I experienced some cases where Update Manager continued with patching, even though something went wrong and the systems were not able to boot! So Update Manager shut down the whole cluster one by one...

If you do not want to update your Windows or Linux VMs with Update Manager, you should configure Update Manager skip those OS updates, because there are bags full of packages for these operating systems that will clog up your Internet connection. Most data centers have other methods for updating Windows and Linux, so if there is no need to do it, just don't do it. Click on the vCenter Update Manager configuration button and select "Update Downloads". On the right there is a small link named "Edit Update Downloads", where you can configure your Update Manager downloads.

If you have an Internet firewall with integrated anti-virus security, you might experience some problems downloading your update packages due to timeouts caused by the anti-virus scanning process. You can edit the vci-integrity.xml file in the Update Manager directory. Let's have a look at section downloadMgr, where you can edit

• maxDownload - How many downloads at once?
• downloadRetries - How many retries if a download fails?
• retryDelaySeconds - How many seconds to wait before retrying?
• recvTimeout - How long to wait before deciding a download has timed out?

The last entry is the one you can push up to solve the timeout problem with your firewall.

Link: http://www.vmware.com/support/vi3/doc/vi3_vc25u4_rel_notes.html

VMware released Update 4 for vCenter, which includes updates for all components. You can choose between English and new localized versions in Chinese, Japanese and German. I recommend staying with the non-localized version. Windows Server 2008 customization is available from now on, the rest are bug fixes. Please read the release notes to see all fixes, there are lots of.

The automatic update for the vCenter clients is disabled in this release, which is fine with me, because the feature did not work smoothly at all. So you have to update your clients conventionally.

There is a new optional JAVA-based "Performance Overview Plug-In", which you have to install manually. Please read the instructions, because you will need to install a JDK6 and add two environment variables before running the installer, and still the batch file did not run smoothly on our system. The new plugin will display a single view of key performance metrics for CPU, memory, disk, and network without navigating through multiple charts. From my point of view this implementation is absolutely no piece of art. Please, VMware, we do not need any more beta features, we need stable releases!